LITERATURE STUDY ON THE ABSENCE OF COMPREHENSIVE PROTECTION FOR WHISTLEBLOWERS IN INDONESIA

Abstract

Whistleblowers play a strategic role in exposing corruption, ethical violations, and abuse of power. This study aims to examine the forms, weaknesses, and urgency of legal protection for whistleblowers in Indonesia through a qualitative literature review approach. Data sources include national regulations, sectoral policies, academic literature, and case studies. The analysis reveals that current legal protections are partial, limited to criminal aspects, and fail to address social, administrative, and psychological dimensions. Furthermore, the absence of specific regulations and an independent institution leaves whistleblowers vulnerable to intimidation and retaliatory criminalization. This study highlights the need for comprehensive and integrated regulatory reform as a manifestation of the state's commitment to truth- tellers. The study contributes by critically illuminating existing legal gaps and offering concrete recommendations for the formulation of holistic and just whistleblower protection policies